How we check specs

Sources, in order of trust

1. Verified. Checked against the phone's own firmware: model code, region, Android version, security patch level, chipset part number and storage type. Used only for the facts firmware can prove.
2. Official. The maker's product pages, spec sheets and launch press material.
3. Measured. Our own measurements, with the method linked next to the result.
4. Public info. Details the maker does not spell out, which we cross-check across independent sources before using them. Used only where the maker is silent; the maker's official figure always comes first.

How chips are rated

Comparisons rate each chip from 1 to 5 for everyday speed, heavy work, gaming, efficiency and video. A rating marked Benchmarks comes from public benchmark results such as Geekbench and AnTuTu. A rating marked Estimate comes from the chip's design: its processor cores, clock speed, graphics and how it is made. Estimates move to benchmark ratings as results are published.

When sources disagree

Firmware wins for what it can prove. Otherwise the maker's own figure wins, and the page notes the difference. When a maker changes a figure after launch, the change log on that phone's page records it.

Model codes and variants

Phones are often sold under several model codes. Some share one internal base design, so internal project names inside the firmware are never shown as model codes. We read the model from the firmware's own fingerprint. Variants that only differ in memory, region or bands share one page with a switcher. A variant gets its own page when its hardware differs, such as a different chipset.

3D models

Each 3D phone is built from the official dimensions and photos, then rendered from every side and compared against reference views. A model is published only after it passes that check.

Dates

“Checked” is the date an editor last confirmed the page. It only changes when the page is really checked again.

Comparisons and rankings

“Better” marks are given only where a number clearly decides it: battery capacity, charging power, brightness, update period, and lower weight or thickness. Chips and cameras are not scored on numbers alone.